Thursday, June 3, 2004

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Outsourcing and insourcing the friendly skies

The Washington Post's Sara Kehaulani Goo has a story on how the outsourcing phenomenon is affecting aircraft maintenance. Turns out to be a two-way street:

Northwest Airlines is gutting two hangars at Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport because the standard work of overhauling the airline's 747 fleet has moved to Asia.

Air China, meanwhile, is sending its planes to San Francisco for high-tech engine work by United Airlines mechanics.

U.S. carriers have outsourced thousands of maintenance jobs. At the same time, however, some airlines have stepped up their efforts to bring maintenance work into their shops. The major carriers are "insourcing" work from domestic low-cost carriers that don't have their own maintenance crews and from airlines based in China, South Korea, Canada and elsewhere.

The aircraft maintenance industry is "a classic manifestation of globalization," said Martin N. Baily, senior fellow at the Institute for International Economics. "Labor-intensive, somewhat less technically sophisticated stuff goes overseas, but more high-tech, leading-edge stuff would remain in the U.S. Maybe the U.S. even has a comparative advantage."

Delta Air Lines' insourcing includes repair work on engines for Atlantic Southeast Airlines and Comair at Delta's hub in Atlanta. Its revenue from such work has increased, to $200 million last year from $40 million in 1999.

American Airlines recently signed a contract that gives it the option to repair Rolls-Royce aircraft engines for other airlines. United does maintenance work for Air China, Korean Air, Air Canada and the U.S. military.

"We make a high profit margin on engine overhauls and landing gear," said Joseph Prisco, president of Local 9 of the Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association, the union representing mechanics at United Airlines. "Air China sends a lot of their engine overhaul work to us. The costs are probably more expensive per head, but we do a faster job and better job than they can get done in their own country."

The article also highlights a genuinely worrisome regulatory gap, however: "For example, airline maintenance workers in other countries do not have to undergo mandatory drug and alcohol testing or criminal background checks as they do in the United States." If I'm a terrorist wishing to strike fear into American travelers, this is an obvious loophole to exploit.

To be fair, the Transportation Safety Administration is planning on promulgating regulations this month to deal with this loophole -- I just hope they're implemented soon.

UPDATE: If you're interested in the topic, be sure to check out the Discovery Channel's "The Other Side of Outsourcing" this evening -- it's a documentary of Tom Friedman's trip to Bangalore. 10:00 PM, ET.

posted by Dan on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM




Comments:

In my case, Daniel Drezner is writing to the already converted. It simply amazes me that anybody truly disputes the benefits of free trade. Common sense dictates that countries like China will send us the work that can't get done efficiently within their own borders. Oh well, I guess that’s why John Kerry has a good size number of supporters. He’s seemingly captured the economically illiterate vote.

posted by: David Thomson on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



Once cavil: I'm not sure how a mandatory alcohol test would deter an Islamic terrorist.
Or a criminal background check, for that matter. It should be in the overseas company's own obvious self-interest not to hire someone who they think may sabotage the aircraft, and in the airline's self-interest not to go with a company they don't trust.

posted by: boo on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



I am struck by the concern over the absence of worker's regulations in foreign countries. If pension funds and minimum wages are not mandated there, then what makes us feel that criminal background checks should be? It seems our sympathies swell when the unjustice may indirectly affect us.

posted by: theVedantan on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



I've talked with NWA maintenance workers who say they fear for airline safety because outsourced service is beyond US regulatory control.

Sounds similar to the pharmaceutical industry claim that Canadian suppliers are unsafe for the same reason.

Those NWA workers love the cheap drug prices, tho.

posted by: wishIwuz2 on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



It should be in the overseas company's own obvious self-interest not to hire someone who they think may sabotage the aircraft, and in the airline's self-interest not to go with a company they don't trust.

It'd be nice if modern life was so simple and could be reduced to a neat mathematical model. Unfortunately, not everything boils down to economics. Read this story for instance. How do we know that a state or non-state actor is not trying to sabotage our aircraft? Wouldn't some groups do that even if it wasn't in their economic best interest?

posted by: The Lonewacko Blog on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



"How do we know that a state or non-state actor is not trying to sabotage our aircraft?"

Of course we don't know this with 100% certainty. We also don't know about actors in US-based firms with 100% certainty, and we can't prevent sabotage with TSA-mandated drug tests. The only way to deal with it is to know who you're dealing with, both domestically and internationally.
Also, there's nothing stopping domestic airlines from checking the work on a periodic basis.

posted by: boo on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



Can anyone point me to any historical examples supporting the free trade dogma, other than blue sky academic theory. I beg to be enlightened.

posted by: Dan P on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



Economically illiterate?

What literacy do I need to be able to measure my household's damaged income and the rising costs of my living expenses? Pretend its some complicated theoretical engine that I just don't understand -- but the math involved in how this affects the people I care about and the people in my community doesn't even require so much as a high school diploma.

U.S. carriers have outsourced thousands of maintenance jobs. At the same time, however, some airlines have stepped up their efforts to bring maintenance work into their shops.

I hope someone here can explain the business logistics here, because I don't get it. Let's move a significant portion of our labor force overseas. Then, lets take on MORE work.

Who does this added work? New hires? Why get new local hires when you can just get more overseas labor for cheaper?

Oh, you mean the already cranked-up local labor... because human capital is made of up stones that can spurt blood, if you squeeze hard enough. So you don't even need any new hires at all, you just need to implement a 16-hour workday while you look the other way.

All my cynicism aside, please, explain it to me.

To be fair, the Transportation Safety Administration is planning on promulgating regulations this month to deal with this loophole

Uh, isn't this regulation, and therefore anathema to free trade? Sheesh, how can the airlines expect to save money if they still have to maintain all those silly safety rules in foreign countries? I mean, isn't not having to worry about the safety of products (or of workers) the whole fun of overseas labor in the first place?

I just had a vision of the serendipitous new work for the drug testing industry as a result of all this -- with crates of Indian and Chinese laborer's urine being shipped across the Pacific.

Oh, I had a CFO.com article for Dan. My favorite bit:
Clearly, offshore outsourcing is growing: 64 percent of those already outsourcing plan to use more overseas workers in the next two years. And it increasingly affects high-paying jobs: 47 percent of survey respondents said most of the jobs that moved overseas paid $50,000 or more before being outsourced.

Even this pro-offshore site agrees with my assessment, that offshoring eliminates high paying jobs, leaving little but lower-paying (or no) jobs in their wake. I'm trying to convince my tiny mind that this is a good thing.

http://www.cfo.com/article/1,5309,14087%7C%7CT%7C1701,00.html?f=home_todayinfinance

posted by: Keith Tyler on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



Keith: Thanks for the link, which I'd been meaning to read. Here's the part I found interesting: "Offshoring isn't quite as common as the hype would suggest: according to CFO's survey of 275 finance executives at a broad range of companies, only 18 percent currently use offshore outsourcing." Furthermore, 70% of the respondents said their firm had no plans to outsource offshore.

posted by: Dan Drezner on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



I think it's safe to assume that we face a greater threat of sabotage from someone in North Korea or Yemen than someone in the U.S. Countries like Canada are closer to one end of the continuum, China is closer to the other.

Can anyone point me to any historical examples supporting the free trade dogma

I don't know of any, but, then again IANAE. I believe Paul Craig Roberts says the models in support of today's free trade are based on assumptions from the age of the steamships and are now outdated.

posted by: The Lonewacko Blog on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



Derzner writes:

"Furthermore, 70% of the respondents said their firm had no plans to outsource offshore."

Of course a bad publicity about outsourcing played no part in responses of those 70% of corporate shills. They all are looking forward to be called Benedict Arnolds by Kerry administration.

Mr. Drezner, I have a bridge in a very good condition for sale, interested?

posted by: BrooklynBridge on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



"What literacy do I need to be able to measure my household's damaged income and the rising costs of my living expenses?"

Well, let's look at those rising costs. What's getting more expensive over time.

Housing? Heavily regulated. Medicine? Heavily regulated. Education? Heavily regulated.

What's getting cheaper over time? Computers? Lightly regulated. Other electronic goodies? Lightly regulated.

See a pattern here?

posted by: Ken on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]



"For example, airline maintenance workers in other countries do not have to undergo mandatory drug and alcohol testing or criminal background checks as they do in the United States."
Is that true??? I can't believe it. Can you name any countries where ut's not under control?

posted by: Ambulance Girl on 06.03.04 at 10:46 AM [permalink]






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