Tuesday, April 20, 2004

previous entry | main | next entry | TrackBack (0)


The FCC's unintentional f$%&-up

Stuart Benjamin has a great post over at the Volokh Conspiracy on how the ratcheting up of FCC fines could actually lead to a long-term reduction of government censorship:

In recent years broadcasters have refrained from bringing judicial challenges to the regulation of broadcast indecency precisely because the fines were small, and rare, enough that broadcasters decided it was not worth the costs of antagonizing the FCC and Congress. Now, with heavy fines (and maybe even license revocation) on the line, broadcasters are more likely to do so. Indeed, that process began yesterday, when both NBC and a coalition of media groups filed petitions asking the FCC to reverse its decision. It looks like those groups are girding for a judicial challenge to the indecency regulations.

This is significant, because the Supreme Court probably would – and in my view should – find these indecency regulations unconstitutional. With respect to newspapers and magazines, telephones, and cable television, the Supreme Court has held that the government may not reduce the adult population to viewing only what is fit for children. As the Supreme Court noted in the 2000 Playboy case on cable indecency, a core principle of the First Amendment is that “The citizen is entitled to seek out or reject certain ideas or influences without Government influence or control.”

Broadcast has been the glaring exception in the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence, but its special status is no longer tenable. The Court ruled, 5-4, in the 1978 Pacifica case that broadcast indecency could be penalized because broadcasting is uniquely pervasive and uniquely accessible to children. The problem is that broadcasting no longer has that distinction Broadcast's pervasiveness and accessibility are not significantly different from, for example, cable television. Indeed, for the 88 percent of television households who use cable or satellite, a broadcaster is just another cable station. It further bears noting that the V-Chip embedded in television sets allows parents to choose what sorts of material they want to block (if they so desire), giving them control over what their children see and further undermining the case for state regulation.

Does this mean NBC will replace the Today Show with Jenna Jameson Live!? Hardly. Broadcast networks would still be beholden to advertiser preferences.

If Benjamin is correct, and the short-term kerfuffle over broadcast standards erodes the government's long-term censorship powers, I have only this to say -- thank you, Janet Jackson!!

posted by Dan on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM




Comments:

I'm a little afraid to upset the current balance. When it becomes increasingly clear that there is no difference between cable and broadcasting, I'm not sure if the government will loosen control over broadcasting or increase control over cable.

posted by: Xavier on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Sorry Xavier, but all I can think of is : good riddance. This is one of those rare things the left and the right in this country can agree on: we don't need our government to serve as a censor or nanny. There's an off button on the TV, V-chips, etc.

posted by: ch2 on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Does this mean NBC will replace the Today Show with Jenna Jameson Live!? Hardly. Broadcast networks would still be beholden to advertiser preferences.

Yep. I'd note that the bill that Stuart Benjamin mentions just passed the House - the one that increases fines for indecency, etc - passed by a margin of 391-22.

As much as the blogosphere huffs and puffs about indecency regulation, it seems to be VERY popular with the public. Even if the government can't regulate it, I doubt we're going to get a lot of "indecency" on broadcast TV any time soon.

(Oh, I would have loved to throw in some snark about some sitcom being so bad as to be "indecent", but I watch so few sitcoms any more that I can't even think of any!)

posted by: Al on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



It can't happen too soon. I am so sick of all that blurring out on the Howard Stern show on E!. Seriously, anything that can get rid of the blurred dot on any station is a step towards a better America.

And what will happen to sports telecasts if the inadvertant f-bomb becomes a reason for a huge fine?

posted by: Rich on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



It can't happen too soon. I am so sick of all that blurring out on the Howard Stern show on E!. Seriously, anything that can get rid of the blurred dot on any station is a step towards a better America.

And what will happen to sports telecasts if the inadvertant f-bomb becomes a reason for a huge fine?

posted by: Rich on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



I think you may have misunderstood me. I don't want the FCC to engage in any censorship. That's why I'm afraid that the end result here will be more rather than less censorship. Unfortunately, you're wrong to think that this is something the left and the right can agree on. Censorship is extremely popular.

posted by: Xavier on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Xavier,
That's why I'm afraid that the end result here will be more rather than less censorship.

How you figure ? Odds are, the Supremes would rule for broadcasters.

Unfortunately, you're wrong to think that this is something the left and the right can agree on. Censorship is extremely popular.

I think censorship is more popular with the apolitical types than with those who would label themselves as being on the starboard or port side of politics.

posted by: ch2 on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Well, let me frame this a bit differently.
First let me say for those who don't know it, I earned my bread and milk (And a certain number of scars) as a broadcaster for around 15 years beginning in 1973, just after Nixon resigned.

I do not view restictions on broadcast media a free speech issue. Never have, doubt I ever will.

I made mention of this surrounding the case of one Howard Stern. Said Stern:

"This is not a surprise. This is a follow up to the McCarthy type "witch hunt" of the administration and the activities of this group of presidential appointees in the FCC, led by "Colin Powell Jr." and his band of players. They and others (a senator from Kansas City to a congresswoman from New Mexico) are expressing and imposing their opinions and rights to tell us all who and what we may listen to and watch and how we should think about our lives. So this is not a surprise. It is pretty shocking that governmental interference into our rights and free speech takes place in the U.S. It's hard to reconcile this with the "land of the free" and the "home of the brave". I'm sure what's next is the removal of "dirty pictures" like the 20th century German exhibit in a New York City Museum and the erotic literature in our libraries; they too will fall into their category of "evil" as well.---Howard Stern, April 8th 2004

Even opponants of the FCC's have written me, following a write-up I did on that one, suggsting that Stern's over the top comments were sent just to elicit a response form his listeners, the vast majority of which wouldn't be able to agrgue a free speech case properly if their lives depended on it. IN atht write-up, I said:

-1-

Stern old sod, this isn't a free speech case. Should I sue Clear Channel because they won't hire me, and that thereby they're infinging on my right to free speech? If that argument won't fly, how can yours?

Granted that free speech is in fact part of the constitution. That's not the issue at hand here, however. What you're looking for is not free speech, but a guaranteed audience, which the constitution does not provide for, particularly in a publicly owned venue, which the EM spectrum decidedly is.

You want to sell tapes of your show?
Great. Good luck to you.
Want to put it on satellite radio?
Yeah, that'll work.
Cable TV?
That works, too.
Caberet shows?
Great.
If nobody's stopping you from doing any of these... and they're not... then your free speech isn't being violated.

But radio, and it's cousin, broadcast TV are a different matter, for several reasons, not least of which being (the EM spectrums) are owned by ALL the people, not just those seeking your show. You knew that going in, and to bitch about it now is utter nonsense.

-0-

On that same basis, however, I hold in serious question any attempt by the FCC, or anyone else, to limit programming on privately held mediums such as the ones I mentioned... and I doubt any attempts to reach so far will ever come to fruition.

posted by: Bithead on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Bithead has it exactly right. Broadcasters do not have a vested right to the airwaves.

posted by: Tom Holsinger on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



My understanding is that the basis for regulation is that the airwaves are owned collectively and held in trust by the government. So pure broadcasters are at the mercy of the FCC and Congress, they have no First Amendment right to broadcast what they want.

However, with cable coverage reaching 88% of the population we are rapidly approaching a point where the FCC will be irrelevant to television. If the major networks cannot reach an accommodation with the government over regulation I would not be surprised to see them begin to abandon broadcasting to become pure cable stations in the near future.

posted by: George on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



That enters into another level of argument altogether... that being the future of over-the-air video broadcasting. The bandwidth requirements, even fir the current NTSC scheme are causing many groups to lust after TV station's 'real estate'. You're quite right- ver the air TV is in it's sunset years.

I think you may be over-stating hte case of the FCC being 'irrelevant to television', going forward, however.

posted by: Bithead on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



As usual, everyone misses the point about the Janet Jackson kerfuffle.

The outrage isn't that somebody showed a b00b on TV. To me the outrage is that CBS deliberately staged an R-rated show at a G-rated event. And they didn't do it for any real entertainment reasons, but only to give traditionalists like me the finger.

posted by: Hunter McDaniel on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



The efforts by the FCC and Congress to throw up roadblacks in the downward path some in the entertainment industry are determined to travel may be unavailing in the end. Frankly, though, I have some difficulty seeing these efforts to discourage changes seen as undesirable as "censorship" or anything like it. The assumption by the FCC's critics seems to be that the United States has long been a very oppressive place deeply and hypocritically hostile to free speech, also with not nearly enough sex on television. Small wonder that bloggers' criticism of the FCC and Congress mostly stays within the blogosphere.

posted by: Zathras on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



"I think you may be over-stating hte case of the FCC being 'irrelevant to television', going forward, however."

Maybe so, I'm sure the FCC will fight like mad to retain its power. But, AFAIK, the constitutional basis for the FCC's TV regulating power would disapear if there was no broadcast TV.

"Frankly, though, I have some difficulty seeing these efforts to discourage changes seen as undesirable as "censorship" or anything like it."

To censor is "to examine books, films, or other material and to remove or suppress what is considered morally, politically, or otherwise objectionable."

You may think it is good or you may think it is bad to regulate TV content. It is still censorship when you think the stuff should be censored.

posted by: George on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Fine, George, fine. So what?

posted by: Zathras on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



“You may think it is good or you may think it is bad to regulate TV content. It is still censorship when you think the stuff should be censored.”

Censorship is intrinsic in all societies---even the most libertarian. It’s only a matter of where one draws the line. A viable social order should demand that raunchy sexual material not be casually available. Children should not be able to access this sort of stuff during their routine day. An adult should have to go out of their way to find pornography.

posted by: David Thomson on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]



Maybe so, I'm sure the FCC will fight like mad to retain its power. But, AFAIK, the constitutional basis for the FCC's TV regulating power would disapear if there was no broadcast TV.

Not so, for several reasons.

It's true that their ability to ban certain programming outright disappears. But the ability... indeed, the charge... springs from the lack of limitations to access.

There is much that the FCC does within the cable/Direct Satalite industry. It maintains jurisdiction over CATV as it would over any other common carrier. In fact this authority was established originally under the Telecommunications act of 1933, (in 1949) and has been reinforced since under the more recent re-write.

(Yes, I do mean 1949... the first cable TV system was developed in 1948, in Mahanoy City, PA, if I'm not much mistaken)

Most of the jurisdiction, though comes not from acts of Congress directly, but court rulings, based on the Tellecomm acts of 33 and (what was it, 98?)


http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&q=fcc+%22cable+TV%22

posted by: Bithead on 04.20.04 at 04:27 PM [permalink]






Post a Comment:

Name:


Email Address:


URL:




Comments:


Remember your info?





Politics, economics, globalization, academia, pop culture... all from a untenured tenured perspective

Main home page
Main blog page
About Me
Search My Blog
Favorite Blogs
Book Recommendations
Books of the Month (Summer 2008)






Reviews of DanielDrezner.com:

"Sharp but informal commentary on politics and foreign policy." -- The New Republic

"Dan Drezner is terrific.... Excellent blog." -- Andrew Sullivan

"Dan's stuff is always worth reading." -- Eugene Volokh

"One of the essential weblogs." -- Gawker.com

"Old battle horse of the blogosphere." -- Jewcy.com

"Soft porn." -- Amitai Etzioni

"Spawned grave atrocities and vast destruction." -- Glenn Greenwald

"Monday morning quarterback... conservative robot... the very foundation of troubles in this country." -- not-so-random readers


Contact me at:
ddrezner@gmail.com
(But click here to read my e-mail policy)









Search the Site


Try advanced site search









Favorite Blogs

TNR's Open University
Jacob Levy
Glenn Reynolds
Andrew Sullivan
Mickey Kaus
Virginia Postrel
The Volokh Conspiracy
Josh Marshall
Crooked Timber
OxBlog
Real Clear Politics
Kevin Drum
Across the Aisle
Economist's Free Exchange
TNR's The Plank
NRO's The Corner
TAP's Tapped
America Abroad
Duck of Minerva
Opinio Juris
Brad DeLong

Jeff Jarvis
Mystery Pollster
Mark Kleiman
Meryl Yourish
Megan McArdle
Marginal Revolution
Michael Munger
Chris Lawrence
Matthew Yglesias
Hit and Run
Cold Spring Shops
Stephen Green
Outside the Beltway
Pejman Yousefzadeh
Laura McKenna (11D)
Elected Swineherd
Phil Carter
Joe Gandelman
Winds of Change
Andrew Samwick
Greg Mankiw
Dani Rodrik
Roger L. Simon
Tom Maguire
Greg Djerejian
The American Scene
Post Global
Democracy Arsenal




Recent articles online

"Foreign Policy Goes Glam."
The National Interest, November/December 2007

"Rise of the Hipster Statesmen."
Newsweek International, November 1, 2007

"The New New World Order."
Foreign Affairs, March/April 2007

"Mind the Gap."
The National Interest, January/February 2007

"The Grandest Strategy Of Them All."
Washington Post, December 17, 2006

U.S. Trade Strategy: Free Versus Fair
Council on Foreign Relations Press, September 2006.

Complete online article archive




Blog Archives

June 2008
May 2008
April 2008
March 2008
February 2008
January 2008
December 2007
November 2007
October 2007
September 2007
August 2007
July 2007
June 2007
May 2007
April 2007
March 2007
February 2007
January 2007
December 2006
November 2006
October 2006
September 2006
August 2006
July 2006
June 2006
May 2006
April 2006
March 2006
February 2006
January 2006
December 2005
November 2005
October 2005
September 2005
August 2005
July 2005
June 2005
May 2005
April 2005
March 2005
February 2005
January 2005
December 2004
November 2004
October 2004
September 2004
August 2004
July 2004
June 2004
May 2004
April 2004
March 2004
February 2004
January 2004
December 2003
November 2003
October 2003
September 2003
August 2003
July 2003
June 2003
May 2003
April 2003
March 2003
February 2003
January 2003
December 2002
November 2002
October 2002
September 2002

Academia
Area studies
Book club
culture
economics
fence-sitting
from Blogger
globalization
homeland security
international relations
law
Mediasphere
My very important posts
New Republic
outsourcing
personal
politics
Sports
The blog paper
the blogosphere
thesis ideas
Trade and Development
U.S. foreign policy
website maintenance

See full archives listing




Recent Entries

Someone keep Fleet Street away from Bill Clinton
It rivals Buckley vs. Vidal, I tell you
So.... are the Clintons morons?
The New York Times didn't ask me, but then again, that's why I have this blog
Monica Crowley's jet black pot
Al Qaeda is losing
Speaking of karma....
The blog post that writes itself
What made me laugh today
Where should Hillary go?




Site Credits